Bovine neurologic diagnostic panel work-up

History (neuroanatomical localization and clinical signs are crucial for these cases and will guide diagnostic testing).

Common differential list:
• Bacteria: Histophilus somni, Listeria monocytogenes
• Viruses: Rabies, MCF, WNV, BoHV-1
• Protozoal: Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp.
• Toxicities: Sulfur toxicity, water deprivation/salt toxicity, lead toxicity
• Nutritional: Thiamine deficiency, plants
• Parasites: Eimeria spp. (no lesions in brain)

Samples to submit (fresh and fixed)
• Brain: whole brain fresh
• Liver
• Heart
• Kidney
• Skeletal muscle
• Omasum
• Colon
• Feces
• Eye
• Spinal cord
• Serum
• Ruminal contents, complete feed, water
• Any other gross lesions

Standard tests run at the laboratory (included in the general investigation)
• Histopathology
• Aerobic culture
• Direct fluorescent antibody assay (rabies)

Additional tests (check website for preferred samples and current prices)
• Trace mineral analysis
• Case-by-case basis: depending on clinical history and lesions
o PCR for viral and protozoal organisms

Printable version available here.

Updated 01/10/2025